Madagascar
Gen Z-led demonstrations over power outages, water cuts, and corruption escalated after police violence and contributed to the president’s impeachment.
Duration: September–October 2025
Gen Z youth in Madagascar held demonstrations in 2025 protesting inadequate resources in a country facing frequent power outages, water cuts, and government corruption. Malagasy protesters used social media, primarily Facebook, as a critical hub to discuss issues and coordinate in-person protests. Police response to the protests included the deployment of tear gas and rubber bullets, force that led to the death of 22 protesters and dozens of others injured. Responding to the use of force, members of the Malagasy Army joined protesters against the government. Following weeks of protests, the President of Madagascar was impeached unanimously by the Malagasy National Assembly.
Physical & Lethal Force
Security forces used physical force, tear gas, rubber bullets, and lethal violence during protest activity.
Mass Arrests & Protest Restrictions
Protesters faced arrests, protest bans, and restrictions on public mobilization during the demonstrations.
Narrative Repression
Authorities used public messaging and political framing to discredit or contain the protest movement.
Movement Images
